RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to determine the sociodemographic and psychopathological features and risk factors associated with suicide attempts. DESIGN: A descriptive cross-sectional study based on medical records. Emergency Primary Care Centres (Jumilla, Yecla) and Hospital Emergency Departments (Yecla, Murcia, Spain). RESULTS: The suicide attempt rate increases in younger people (average of 36.4 years old). Suicide attempts are higher among women (67%). In terms of psychopathological data, suicide attempts were characterised by a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety disorder (30%), and substance abuse (13%). The percentage of patients who had made a previous suicide attempt was 37%. Self-poisoning was the most recurrent method of suicide attempt, present in at least 80% of the cases. Gender was a significant factor in the cause of suicide attempt (P=.042) and psychopathology (P=.011). The geographic origin of the patient is significantly associated with the suicide method used (P=.000). CONCLUSIONS: Suicide treatment protocols and suicide prevention programs must be developed, as well as recording the risk factors in the patient history.
Assuntos
Prevenção ao Suicídio , Tentativa de Suicídio/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Espanha , Suicídio/psicologia , Tentativa de Suicídio/psicologiaRESUMO
Objetivo. Se trata de estudiar el porcentaje de pacientes con intentos de autolisis valorados en un área de salud sin psiquiatra de guardia y analizar las características de los mismos. Material y métodos. Estudio descriptivo, transversal. Se han estudiado el total de las consultas atendidas por intento de autolisis durante los años 2008, 2009 y 2010, en el área V-Región de Murcia. Los criterios de exclusión han sido los intentos de autolisis con consecuencia de fallecimiento. Resultados. La edad media de los pacientes que consultaron por intento de autolisis fue 36,4 años. El 67% de los pacientes fueron mujeres. Los antecedentes psiquiátricos más prevalentes fueron, síndrome ansioso-depresivo (30%), abuso de drogas (13%) y patología dual (10%). El 37% de los pacientes que realizó un intento de autolisis tenía antecedentes de intentos previos. El 80% de los intentos de autolisis fue por consumo de fármacos o la combinación de fármacos, alcohol y drogas ilegales. El sexo se relaciona significativamente con el desencadenante del intento de autolisis (p 0,042) y con el diagnóstico psiquiátrico previo (p 0,011). La procedencia geográfica se relaciona significativamente con el método de autolisis (p 0,000). Conclusiones. A la hora de elaborar la historia clínica debe mejorarse la cumplimentación de los factores de riesgo de suicidio. Deben establecerse protocolos asistenciales multidisciplinares no solo para el tratamiento médico sino para la valoración urgente por el psiquiatra en nuestro centro de referencia (AU)
Objective. The aim of this study is to determine the sociodemographic and psychopathological features and risk factors associated with suicide attempts. Design. A descriptive cross-sectional study based on medical records. Emergency Primary Care Centres (Jumilla, Yecla) and Hospital Emergency Departments (Yecla, Murcia, Spain). Results. The suicide attempt rate increases in younger people (average of 36.4 years old). Suicide attempts are higher among women (67%). In terms of psychopathological data, suicide attempts were characterised by a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety disorder (30%), and substance abuse (13%). The percentage of patients who had made a previous suicide attempt was 37%. Self-poisoning was the most recurrent method of suicide attempt, present in at least 80% of the cases. Gender was a significant factor in the cause of suicide attempt (P=.042) and psychopathology (P=.011). The geographic origin of the patient is significantly associated with the suicide method used (P=.000). Conclusions. Suicide treatment protocols and suicide prevention programs must be developed, as well as recording the risk factors in the patient history (AU)
